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In this literature review we go back a few years. Why am I reviewing this? I’ve had a few paediatric cases recently, that required rapid analgesia and became very distressed with the intra-nasal delivery. I’ve also had adult patients who require analgesia and are cannulation challenges. Is there some bridge, some rapid delivery for analgesia. Is there the ability for nebulisation? (15 minute read)

There have been studies showing the effectiveness of nebulised fentanyl (1,2). Could I use nebulised Ketamine? Another potential circumstance for its use is in paediatric patients, where they do not like the intranasal route.

The Bottom Line: If you’re time pressed:

Inhaled ketamine worked well in terms of effective analgesia at 30 minutes, for adult patients at a dose of 0.75 mg/kg, via a breath actuated nebuliser. I’m not sure how many of you have these. I’m not sure that it would work as well via a normal nebuliser.

In terms of paediatrics, it’s not really prime time as yet. Still looking for the large randomised trial. A small case series below showed it was effective, but again with breath activated delivery.

Have you used it? Have you used it for children?

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